The complete compilation knowledge of ceramic tiles

Tiles are closely related to our lives. Small home-made bathrooms, large buildings in modern cities, are inseparable from the tile, but do you know the history of tiles? Do you know what kinds of tiles? You know polishing What are the advantages and disadvantages of bricks, vitrified tiles, Glazed Tiles, whole bricks, Ceramic Tiles, etc? Do you know the difference between bricks? Do you know how to buy tiles? What if you don't know?

It is an oxide or semi-metal oxide, which is formed by grinding, mixing, pressing, glazing, and sintering. It is an acid-resistant porcelain or stone building or decorative material. Its raw materials are mostly made of clay, quartz sand and so on.

Tile development history

The history of tiles dates back to BC, when Egyptians began to decorate various types of houses with tiles. The clay bricks are dried in the sun or dried by baking and then colored with blue glaze extracted from copper.

Tiles were also found in Mesopotamia in BC. The tiles were decorated with blue and white stripes, and later appeared in a variety of styles and colors. China is the center of ceramic art, and it produced a beautiful white urn as early as the Shang dynasty.

In the Middle Ages of Islam, all the decorative methods of tiles reached their peak in Persia. Subsequently, the use of ceramic tiles gradually became popular around the world. In the history of ceramic tiles, mosaics of Spain and Portugal, Italian Renaissance tiles, glazed tiles from Antwerp, the development of Dutch tile illustrations and German tiles all have milestone significance. .

In ancient times, it was handmade. In other words, each tile is hand-formed and hand-colored, so each tile is a unique piece of art.

Today, worldwide, automated production techniques are used, and human hands are simply used to operate equipment. As in the past, the interior and exterior are decorated with tiles.

Tile classification:

Divided by process: polished brick, vitrified brick, glazed brick, antique brick, ceramic mosaic, whole brick

Polished brick

Polished brick is a kind of bright brick that has been polished/polished on the surface of the whole body of the brick body. It is a kind of whole brick. The surface of the polished brick is much cleaner than the whole brick. Polished tiles are hard and wear resistant and are suitable for use in most indoor spaces except washrooms and kitchens. On the basis of the use of osmosis technology, polished tiles can be used to make various imitation stone and wood-like effects. The polished tiles are dirty and the slip resistance is not very good.

1. The advantages of polished tiles:

First, no radioactive elements: natural stone is a mineral, not sintered at high temperature, so it contains some trace radioactive elements, long-term exposure will be harmful to the human body; polished tiles will not cause harm to the human body;

Second, the basic controllable colorlessness: natural stone has different chromatic aberration due to diagenesis time and rock layer depth, and the polished tiles are carefully matched, and the same batch of products have the same color, basically no color difference;

Third, the anti-bending strength is large: natural stone is formed naturally, the time of material formation, weathering, etc. are not the same, resulting in different degrees of compactness and strength; polished tiles are pressed by thousands of tons of hydraulic presses, and then sintered at a high temperature of 1200 ° C or higher, high strength ;

Fourth, the brick body is thin and light in weight: natural stone has low processing intensity, so the processing thickness is large and heavy, which increases the load of the floor building, forms a potential threat, increases the cost, and increases the difficulty of transportation and paving.

2. The disadvantages of polished tiles:

One of the fatal flaws is the dirtiness, which is caused by the stray holes left by the polished tiles during polishing. These pores will be contaminated, and even some of the tea will fall on the polished tiles. Perhaps the industry is aware of this, and later some of the fine polished tiles were added with an anti-fouling layer at the factory.

3. How to maintain polished tiles:

1. Regular neutral detergent to clean the surface, remove general stains, and do not use any strong acid detergent. For example, the cleaning effect of the toilet is clean, but it also burns out the crystal layer of the polished brick. The surface, the pores are enlarged, and from the second day, it becomes darker and darker, because the surface layer has been "burned out" and is not stain-resistant.

2, neutral crystal face crystal face care

3, special stains such as tea stains, fruit stains, coffee stains, ink stains, etc.. H2O2 with a high purity content of 27.5% or more can be covered with a paper towel and soaked for 2-3 hours.

Vitrified brick

Vitrified bricks are actually full tiles. Because of the difference in manufacturing process, the density is higher than that of ordinary tiles, and the surface is smooth but does not require polishing, so there is no problem of polishing the pores. Vitrified brick is a reinforced polished brick that is fired at high temperatures. The texture is harder and more wear resistant than polished tiles. The main difference between the distinction between vitrified tiles and polished tiles is the water absorption. (The lower the water absorption rate, the better the degree of vitrification, and the better the physical and chemical properties of the product.)

The vitrified brick is a kind of bright brick which is polished by the surface of the whole body brick body, and is a kind of whole body brick. Ceramics with a water absorption of less than 0.5% are called vitrified bricks. Polished bricks with a water absorption of less than 0.5% are also vitrified bricks (above 0.5%, only polished tiles are not vitrified tiles), and then the vitrified tiles are used. The Mirror polishing is to obtain a vitrified polished brick, because the water absorption rate is low, the hardness is relatively high, and it is not easy to have scratches.

The vitrified brick is made of quartz sand and mud in a certain proportion, and then polished and polished without polishing. The surface is as smooth and translucent as the glass mirror. It is the hardest of all the tiles, and its water absorption rate and edge. Straightness, bending strength, acid and alkali resistance are superior to ordinary glazed tiles, polished tiles and general marble.

Characteristics of vitrified tiles:

1, the color is bright and soft, no obvious color difference. Natural granites have large chromatic aberrations due to diagenesis time and depth of rock formation.

2, no harmful elements. Granite is a natural mineral. It is buried deep in the earth's crust for a long time. It is not sintered at high temperature, so it contains trace radioactive elements. If it is exposed to long-term, it will be harmful to health.

3, the thickness is relatively thin, the bending strength is high, the brick body is light, and the building load is reduced. The natural granite is low in strength and cumbersome, which increases the load on the building and brings a series of difficulties to the transportation and paving processes.

4. The flexural strength is greater than 45mpa. The granite has a flexural strength of about 17-20 mpa. 5. High-temperature sintering and complete porcelain formation produce various crystals such as mullite, which have stable physical and chemical properties, strong corrosion resistance and stain resistance, and have a long history. Due to the natural formation of granite, the time of forming and the degree of weathering are not the same, resulting in different density and strength. After two years of use, the gradual loss of luster, rough surface wear, difficult to clean, affecting the appearance.

Specification of vitrified brick: Vitrified brick is mainly floor brick. Common specifications are 400mm×400mm, 500mm×500mm, 600mm×600mm, 800mm×800mm, 900mm×900mm, 1000mm×1000mm.